FLOWS: Core Benefits

The Core Benefits Framework identifies 21 ecological benefits that are consistent across the reviewed frameworks: 19 cornerstone ecosystem services and two foundational real asset benefits.

Ecosystem Services Core Benefits	Real Asset Core Benefits
Raw Materials	Land Utilization
Food	Resource Utilization
Energy
Water Abundance
Healthy Soils
Medicinal & Genetic
Climate Stability
Clean Air
Clean Water
Risk Resilience
Pollination
Erosion Control
Pest & Disease Control
Habitat
Recreation & Experiences
Research & Learning
Aesthetic & Sensory
Art & Inspiration
Existence & Legacy

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Supporting materials, scope and methodological notes are found in the Ecosystem Services and Real Assets Appendices