Ecosystem Services Classification

Our comparative analysis of the selected ecosystem services frameworks revealed a consistent set of 19 top-level ecosystem services that were commonly referenced and utilized across all studies. These frameworks varied in scope ranging between 10 to 27 key ecosystem services. The 19 services identified as consistent across all frameworks are:

Common Ecosystem Services Classes

Raw Materials	Food
Energy	Water Security (supply & storage)
Soil	Medicinal & Genetic
Climate Regulation	Air Quality
Water Quality (filtration)	Hazard Risk Reduction
Pollination	Erosion Control
Biological Control	Habitat
Recreation & Tourism	Research & Education
Aesthetic	Cultural & Spiritual
Existence

For each ecosystem service and corresponding framework, we have compiled the following information where available:

• Name Used

• Service Category (e.g., Provisioning, Supporting)

• Definition

• Economic Value Calculated

• Applicable Valuation Methods (e.g., Travel Cost, Hedonic Pricing, Contingent Valuation)

• Metrics for Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment

As the top level categories varied across frameworks, we have roughly sorted them by Provisioning, Regulating, and Cultural Services.